Demonstrated with a Hospital Ward Analogy
$el refers to the current element itself. It's like an action taken inside a room that only affects that specific room.
<button @click="cleanRoom($el, i)">...</button>
$refs lets you access specific, named elements from anywhere in your component. Think of them as key stations in the ward, like the 'Nurse's Station' or 'Pharmacy'.
<div x-ref="nursesStation"></div>
this.$refs.nursesStation...
$root is the main element of your component—the entire ward itself. An action targeting $root affects the whole component area, like a general announcement.
// From anywhere inside component
this.$root.classList.add(...)